Kuwait City Industrial and Commercial Energy Storage Peak-Valley Arbitrage Program

What is Peak-Valley arbitrage?

The peak-valley arbitrage is the main profit mode of distributed energy storage system at the user side (Zhao et al., 2022). The peak-valley price ratio adopted in domestic and foreign time-of-use electricity price is mostly 3–6 times, and even reach 8–10 times in emergency cases.

What is energy arbitrage?

Energy arbitrage means that ESSs charge electricity during valley hours and discharge it during peak hours, thus making profits via the peak-valley electricity tariff gap [ 14 ]. Zafirakis et al. [ 15] explored the arbitrage value of long-term ESSs in various electricity markets.

Can energy storage systems generate arbitrage?

Conclusion Due to the increased daily electricity price variations caused by the peak and off-peak demands, energy storage systems can be utilized to generate arbitrage by charging the plants during low price periods and discharging them during high price periods.

What is the arbitrage strategy?

The present arbitrage strategy is designed for the given technology attributes (including round-trip efficiency) to store the off-peak energy when the electricity price is low and releases the energy when the price is high (during the peak demand period).

What is the maximum daily revenue through arbitrage?

Maximum daily revenue through arbitrage varies with roundtrip efficiency. Revenue of arbitrage is compared to cost of energy for various storage technologies. Breakeven cost of storage is firstly calculated with different loan periods. The time-varying mismatch between electricity supply and demand is a growing challenge for the electricity market.

What is arbitrage profit?

The arbitrage profit refers to the electricity sales revenue during peak periods minus the electricity purchase cost during valley periods, which is optimised in the lower-level scheduling model. It is assumed that the salvage value of the boiler offsets its destruction cost to reasonably simplify the economic model.